July 5, 1736 – September 3, 1781
William Thompson was born in Ireland and emigrated in 1755 to Carlisle, PA. He served as an officer in the French and Indian War, after which he became a business and civic leader in Cumberland County. On June 25, 1775, Thompson accepted a commission from Congress as the first Colonel of the Army of the United Colonies. His unit, originally known as Thompson’s Rifle Battalion, quickly distinguished themselves during the Siege of Boston in 1775–1776. Their sharpshooting skills were critical in harassing British troops and maintained pressure on British positions, eventually forcing the British to evacuate Boston. Recognized for his leadership and effectiveness, Thompson was promoted to Brigadier General in March 1776 and took command of a relief expedition against Canada. On June 8, 1776, the British captured him while leading Continental forces at the Battle of Three-Rivers near Quebec. He was not officially exchanged until October 25, 1780, and he died in ill health on September 3, 1781. He is buried in the Old Carlisle Cemetery on East South Street.